Tongkat Ali Scientific Studies
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Scientific Studies that Prove the
Aphrodisiac Qualities
of the herb
Tongkat Ali
The following seven scientific study abstracts document the aphrodisiac
qualities of Tongkat Ali are reported on the website
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov of the
National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public
Health Service.
Also read more scientific studies about the sexual enhancing power of
plant extracts at
Sex Enhancing
Plant Extracts. Also visit these scientific studies about herbal
medicines treating erectile dysfunction available by clicking
Erectile Herbal
Remedies.
Tongkat Ali Review by Dr. Simon Chua, Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Wayne State University, USA
In a preliminary study at the Reproductive Research Center in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia, 30 married men, aged 31-52 years old, took Tongkat Ali regularly
for three consecutive weeks. Interviews indicated that 48% felt healthy,
active and energized, and 40% felt increased sexual desire. The subjects
showed an increased free testosterone index. Increased testosterone levels
help improve libido, energy and muscle mass for body building. Their levels
of DHEA, another critical steroid hormone, gradually increased from 26%
after one week to 47% after three weeks. Most subjects demonstrated
increased satisfaction in their sexual health and performance. In addition,
animal studies have shown that Tongkat Ali may increase testosterone
availability as well as libido in mice (Source: Article from the book
Molecular Biology of the Cell, published on Sept. 1, 2002)
Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) on the
initiation of sexual performance of inexperienced castrated male rats.
Ang HH,
Cheang HS,
Yusof AP.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Science Malaysia, Penang,
Malaysia, as reported in
Exp Anim.
2000 Jan;49(1):35-8.
We studied the effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack, commonly known as
Tongkat Ali in Malaysia, on the initiation of sexual performance and the
weights of sexual accessories in inexperienced castrated male rats. The
doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight, which were extracted from E.
longifolia Jack, were orally administered to the rats twice daily for 10
days prior to the tests and continued throughout the test period.
Testosterone was used as a positive control after injecting 15 mg/kg daily
subcutaneously for 32 days. Results showed that E. longifolia Jack produced
a dose-dependent increase in sexual performance of the treated animals, but
the E. longifolia Jack groups showed lower sexual performance in mounting,
intromission and ejaculation than the testosterone group. Further results
also showed that E. longifolia Jack promoted the growth of both ventral
prostate and seminal vesicles as compared with the control, but the growth
of sexual accessories at 800 mg/kg of butanol, methanol, water and
chloroform fractions of E. longifolia Jack was less than that of
testosterone treated group. The present study therefore gives further
evidence of the folkuse of E. longifolia as an aphrodisiac.
PMID: 10803359 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Evaluation of the potency activity of aphrodisiac in
Eurycoma longifolia Jack.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Science
Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
hhang@usm.my, as reported in
Phytother Res.
2001 Aug;15(5):435-6.
The butanol, methanol, water and chloroform extracts of
the roots of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied using various tests of
potency of treated male rats. The results showed that E. longifolia produced
a dose-dependent, recurrent and significant increase in the episodes of
penile reflexes as evidenced by increases in quick flips, long flips and
erections of the treated male rats during the 30 min observation period.
These results provide further evidence that E. longifolia increases the
aphrodisiac potency activity in treated animals. Copyright 2001 John Wiley &
Sons, Ltd.
PMID: 11507738 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Eurycoma longifolia Jack enhances
libido in sexually experienced male rats.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia, as reported
in
Exp Anim.
1997 Oct;46(4):287-90.
The effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied on
the libido of sexually experienced male rats after dosing them with 200, 400
and 800 mg/kg body weight twice daily of different fractions of E.
longifolia Jack for 10 days. Results showed that E. longifolia Jack produced
a dose-dependent increase in mounting frequency of the treated animals with
400 mg/kg of chloroform, methanol, water and butanol fractions resulting in
mounting frequencies of 5.3 +/- 1.2, 4.9 +/- 0.7, 4.8 +/- 0.7 and 5.2 +/-
0.1, and 800 mg/kg further increased them to 5.4 +/- 0.8, 5.4 +/- 0.8, 5.2
+/- 0.6 and 5.3 +/- 0.2 respectively but there were no erections,
intromissions, ejaculations or seminal emissions during the 20-min
observation period which allowed for the measurement of sexual arousal
reflected by mounting frequency uninfluenced by other behavioural
components. This study provides evidence that E. longifolia Jack is a potent
stimulator of sexual arousal in sexually vigorous male rats in the absence
of feedback from genital sensation.
PMID: 9353636 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on sexual qualities
in middle aged male rats.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Science
Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
hhang@usm.my, as reported in
Phytomedicine.
2003;10(6-7):590-3.
The effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied on
the sexual qualities of middle aged male rats after dosing them with 0.5
g/kg of various fractions of E. longifolia whilst the control group received
3 ml/kg of normal saline daily for 12 weeks. Results showed than E.
longifolia Jack enhanced the sexual qualities of the middle aged male rats
by decreasing their hesitation time as compared to controls with various
fractions of E. longifolia Jack produced 865-916 (91-96), 860-914 (92-98),
850-904 (93-99), 854-890 (95-99), 844-880 (94-98), 840-875 (94-98), 830-870
(94-98), 825-860 (94-98), 820-850 (96-99), 800-840 (93-98), 750-795 (94-99)
and 650-754 sec (82-95%) in contrast to controls which produced 950 (100),
934 (100), 910 (100), 900 (100), 895 (100), 890 (100), 885 (100), 880 (100),
855 (100), 860 (100), 800 (100) and 790 sec (100%) throughout the
investigation period. Besides these, there was a transient increase in the %
of the male rats responding to the right choice after chronic administration
of 0.5 g/kg E. longifolia Jack, with more than 50% of the male rats scored
right choice after 2 weeks post-treatment and the effect was more prominent
at the dose of the observation period. However, there was no sexual
enhancement of the middle aged male rats which consumed normal saline since
only 45-55% of the male rats responded to right choice throughout the
investigation period. Hence, this study shows that E. longifolia Jack
enhanced the sexual qualities of the middle aged male rats, further supports
the folkuse of E. longifolia Jack as an aphrodisiac.
PMID: 13678248 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Aphrodisiac evaluation in non-copulator male rats after
chronic administration of Eurycoma longifolia Jack.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Science Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Penang, Malaysia,
as reported in
Fundam
Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Aug;15(4):265-8.
The aphrodisiac effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (0.5
g/kg) was evaluated in noncopulator male rats using an electrical cage.
Fractions of E. longifolia Jack decreased the hesitation time of
noncopulator male rats, throughout the investigation period. Furthermore, it
possessed a transient increase in the percentage of the male rats responding
to the right choice, more than 50% of the male rats scored "right choice"
after 3 weeks post-treatment and the effect became more prominent after 8
weeks post-treatment (only 40-50% of the control male rats responded to the
right choice) using the electrical copulation cage. Hence, this study lends
further support to the use of the plant by indigenous populations as a
traditional medicine for its aphrodisiac property.
PMID: 11564133 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Effects of Eurycoma longifolia jack on laevator ani
muscle in both uncastrated and testosterone-stimulated castrated intact male
rats.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Science
Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
hhang@usm.my, as reported in
Arch Pharm
Res. 2001 Oct;24(5):437-40
It has been reported that Eurycoma longifolia Jack
commonly known as Tongkat Ali has gained notoreity as a symbol of man's ego
and strength by the Malaysian men because it increases male virility and
sexual prowess during sexual activities. As such, the effects of 200, 400
and 800 mg/kg of butanol, methanol, water and chloroform fractions of E.
longifolia Jack were studied on the laevator ani muscle in both uncastrated
and testosterone-stimulated castrated intact male rats after dosing them for
12 consecutive weeks. Results showed that 800 mg/kg of butanol, methanol,
water and chloroform fractions of E. longifolia Jack significantly increased
(p<0.05) the leavator ani muscle to 58.56+/-1.22, 58.23+/-0.31, 60.21
+/-0.86 and 62.35 +/-0.98 mg/100 g body weight, respectively, when compared
with the control (untreated) in the uncastrated intact male rats and
49.23+/-0.82, 52.23+/-0.36, 50.21+/-0.66 and 52.35+/-0.58 mg/100 g body
weight, respectively, when compared to control (untreated) in the
testosterone-stimulated castrated intact male rats. Hence, the
pro-androgenic effect as shown by this study further supported the
traditional use of this plant as an aphrodisiac.
PMID: 11693547 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Sexual arousal in sexually sluggish old male rats after
oral administration of Eurycoma longifolia Jack.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Science
Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
hhang@usm.my, as reported in
Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2004;15(3-4):303-9.
Eurycoma longifolia Jack commonly known as Tongkat Ali
in Malaysia, has been used in Malaysia to increase male virility and sexual
prowess. The objective of this study is to evaluate sexual arousal in
sexually sluggish old male rats, 24 months old and retired breeders,
receiving 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg of various fractions of E. longifolia Jack,
twice daily, for 10 days. Control rats received 3 ml/kg of normal saline.
The aphrodisiac effect was monitored by the act of yawning and stretching
because yawning, either alone or associated with stretching, is considered
an ancestral vestige surviving throughout evolution that promotes sexual
arousal. The results showed that 800 mg/kg of E. longifolia Jack increased
yawning by 50% and stretching by 16.7% in sexually sluggish old male rats,
by 676-719% and 31-336%, respectively, in sexually active male rats, and by
22-44% and 75-100%, respectively, in middle aged, 9 months old and retired
breeders. We conclude that the results of this study support the folk use of
this plant as an aphrodisiac.
PMID: 15803965 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Tongkat ali
is also effective against germs
Antibacterial activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. A Malaysian medicinal
plant.
Saudi Med J. 2007 Sep;28(9):1422-1424. Farouk AE, Benafri A. Biomolecular
Engineering Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology Engineering,
Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan
Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
To evaluate methanolic, ethanolic, acetone
and aqueous extracts from different parts of tongkat ali (leave, stem, and
root) for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria and to utilize the leaves and stem parts rather than the root,
which is already used for male sexual enhancement in Malaysia. The alcoholic
and acetone extracts from leaves and stems of tongkat alli contain potent
antibacterial agent(s). This plant can serve as a potential source of
antibacterial compounds.
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